Faktor Resiko Terjadinya Kelahiran Prematur

Meskipun kemajuan teknologi dan pengetahuan kedokteran semakin maju tetapi hingga saat ini penyebab terjadinya kelahiran prematur belum diketahui. Dari berbagai penelitian di dapatkan faktor resiko terjadinya prematuritas, diantaranya adalah : 

• Sebelumnya mempunyai riwayat kelahiran prematur
• Kelahiran kembar 2,3,4
• Paparan asap rokok
• Alkohol
• Penyakit Tekanan darah Tinggi dan diabetes saat kehamilan
• Jarak Kehamilan yang terlalu dekat dengan kehamilan berikutnya (kurang dari 9 bulan)
• Cairan amnion
• Oligohidramnion dengan selaput ketuban utuh
• Ketuban pecah dini
• Polihidramnion
• Infeksi intra amnion subklinis
• Korioamn ionitis klinis
• Uterus
• Malformasi uterus kongenital
• Overdistensi akut
• Adanya patologi nyata di abdomen non obstetrik
• Penyalahgunaan obat terlarang
• Trauma
• Berat badan yang rendah sebelum kehamilan
• Perawatan pendek
• Penyakit selama hamil
• Introgenik
• Induksi persalinan
• Sectio caesarea elektif berulang
• Maternal
• Penyakit sistematik berat
• Mioma besar
• Desiduitis
• Aktivitas uterus idiopatik
• Plasenta
• Solusi plasenta
• Plasenta previa
• Sinus marganalis
• Korioangioma besar
• Disfungsi plasenta
• Janin
• Malformasi janin
• Kehamilan majemuk
• Janin hidrops
• Pertumbuhan janin terhambat
• Gawat janin
• Kematian janin
• Serviks
• Inkompetensi serviks
• Servisitis / vaginitas akut

Daftar Pustaka

• Lockwood CJ. Overview of preterm labor and delivery. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Oct. 5, 2009.
• Behrman RE, et al. Preterm Birth: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press; 2007.
• Robinson JN, et al. Risk factors for preterm labor and delivery. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Oct. 5, 2009.
• Stephens BE, et al. Neurodevelopmental outcome of the premature infant. Pediatric Clinics of North America. 2009;56:631.
• Johnson JR, et al. Cervical insufficiency. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Oct. 16, 2009.
• Rotteveel J, et al. Infant and childhood growth patterns, insulin sensitivity, and blood pressure in prematurely born young adults. Pediatrics. 2008;122:313.
• Preterm labor. March of Dimes. http://www.marchofdimes.com/pnhec/188_1080.asp. Accessed Oct. 15, 2009.
• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Management of preterm labor. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2003;82:127.
• Preterm labor. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. http://www.acog.org/publications/patient_education/bp087.cfm. Accessed Oct. 7, 2009.
• Torpy JM, et al. Premature infants. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2005;294:390.
• McLenan D. Care of the high-risk neonate. In: Rakel RE, et al. Conn’s Current Therapy 2009. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2009. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/165165325-12/0/2159/511.html?tocnode=58019811&fromURL=511.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-5974-5..00259-8_4198. Accessed Oct. 16, 2009.
• Pregnancy: Frequently asked questions. American Dental Association. http://www.ada.org/public/topics/pregnancy_faq.asp. Accessed Oct. 7, 2009.
• Parenting corner Q&A: Premature infants. American Academy of Pediatrics. http://www.aap.org/publiced/BR_Preemie_GoingHome.htm. Accessed Oct. 16, 2009.
• Parenting in the NICU: Becoming an informed parent. March of Dimes. http://www.marchofdimes.com/prematurity/21295_6084.asp. Accessed Oct. 16, 2009.
• Coping with the NICU experience: The NICU roller coaster. March of Dimes. http://www.marchofdimes.com/prematurity/21292_11191.asp. Accessed Oct. 16, 2009.
• Parenting in the NICU: Feeding your baby. March of Dimes. http://www.marchofdimes.com/prematurity/21295_6091.asp. Accessed Oct. 16, 2009.

 

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